Turns out simplifyLoopIVs sometimes returns a non-dead instruction in it's DeadInsts out param.  I had done a bit of NFC cleanup which was only NFC if simplifyLoopIVs obeyed it's documentation.  I'm simplfy dropping that part of the change.

Commit message from try 3:

Recommitting after fixing a bug found post commit. Amusingly, try 1 had been correct, and by reverting to incorporate last minute review feedback, I introduce the bug. Oops. :)

Original commit message:

The problem was that recursively deleting an instruction can delete instructions beyond the current iterator (via a dead phi), thus invalidating iteration. Test case added in LoopUnroll/dce.ll to cover this case.

LoopUnroll does a limited DCE pass after unrolling, but if you have a chain of dead instructions, it only deletes the last one. Improve the code to recursively delete all trivially dead instructions.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D102511