[CUDA][HIP] Fix hostness check with -fopenmp

CUDA/HIP determines whether a function can be called based on
the device/host attributes of callee and caller. Clang assumes the
caller is CurContext. This is correct in most cases, however, it is
not correct in OpenMP parallel region when CUDA/HIP program
is compiled with -fopenmp. This causes incorrect overloading
resolution and missed diagnostics.

To get the correct caller, clang needs to chase the parent chain
of DeclContext starting from CurContext until a function decl
or a lambda decl is reached. Sema API is adapted to achieve that
and used to determine the caller in hostness check.

Reviewed by: Artem Belevich, Richard Smith

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D121765